The fifth meeting of Young Linguists' Seminar took place on 16th April 2015. The talks were guided by the following leitmotif:
Linguistics and Its Applications in Specialised Contexts
The following five papers were presented by linguists from the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin and Maria Curie-Skłodowska University.
Izabela Batyra
Izabela Batyra
Human
Animal – Animal in Human: On an English Course Book for Veterinary Science
Specialists A2-B1 Level – Demo Version
John
Paul II Catholic University of Lublin
Necessity is the mother of invention…
This
research supplies the needs and expectations of all Polish and international
non-native English speaking veterinary physicians working in or off the
clinical settings, students, academics and the like specialist of veterinary
medicine who wish to communicate in English on their professional arena.
Frequent
conferences which DVMs are obliged to participate in to stay on the surface and
keep their licence, delegations outside the country, international workshops or
student exchange demand from the specialists to operate with exceptionally
technical and undoubtedly complicated medical language.
The
idea to write an English course book for veterinarians was born when my best
friend and the most dedicated doctor of all my pets asked me to teach him
general and specialized English. Although ESP has been expanding aggressively
in the past few years satisfying English language needs of the majority of the
professions, no single English course book for veterinary surgeons has been
identified among the publishers.
The
outcome of the research is the presentation of the teaching aid dedicated to
cattle and swine and sample section ‘Cats and Dogs’ with various task types
concentrating around receptive and productive skills as well as language areas,
that is grammar and specialized lexis catering for all possible learning styles
and learners’ preferences.
Articles from magazines:
Bojdo-Brodnica, T. (DVM) (2014,
December) Bezpieczne odsadzanie prosiąt. Top
Agrar Polska, Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Akcja Polskiego Cukru za buraki?, p.
138.
Grabowski Kalisz, A. (2014, December)
Problem po uszy. Top Agrar Polska, Nowoczesne
Rolnictwo – Akcja Polskiego Cukru za buraki?, pp. 157-158.
Jajor, M. (2015, January) Przebiegła
paratuberkuloza. Top Agrar Polska,
Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Nie ma rzetelnych zasad oceny ziarna, pp. 177-178.
Janusz, P. (2014, December) Nowe
zasady bioasekuracji. Top Agrar Polska,
Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Akcja Polskiego Cukru za buraki?, pp. 134-135.
Janusz, P. (2014, December) Witalne
mioty dały zarobić. Top Agrar Polska,
Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Akcja Polskiego Cukru za buraki?, pp. 136-141.
Kowalski, M. Z. (2015, January) Z
chylatami żywienie mineralne może być tańsze. Top Agrar Polska, Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Nie ma rzetelnych zasad oceny
ziarna, pp. 161-164.
Kurek, A. (2015, January) Bez
pracy nie ma…prosiąt. Top Agrar Polska, Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Nie
ma rzetelnych zasad oceny ziarna, pp. 136-139.
Kurek, A. (2015, January) Ropiejące
maciory. Top Agrar Polska, Nowoczesne
Rolnictwo – Nie ma rzetelnych zasad oceny ziarna, pp. 147-148.
Kurek, A. (2014, December) Zdążyć
przed obrzękówką. Top Agrar Polska, Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Akcja Polskiego Cukru za
buraki?, pp. 159-160.
Lesiakowski, R. (2015, January)
Genomika wkracza do obór. Top Agrar
Polska, Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Nie ma rzetelnych zasad oceny ziarna, pp.
173-176.
Pająk Grabica, K. (2014, December) Hodowcy
świń lekceważą miko toksyny. Sposób na splayleg. Top Agrar Polska, Nowoczesne Rolnictwo – Akcja Polskiego Cukru za
buraki?, p. 155.
Wieczorek, M. (2015, January) Inwazja
kokcydiów. Top Agrar Polska, Nowoczesne
Rolnictwo – Nie ma rzetelnych zasad oceny ziarna, pp. 179-180.
Articles form weekly
magazines:
Dąbrowska, B. (2015, January) Ketoza
niejedną ma postać. Tygonik Poradnik
roliczny, p. 25.
Dąbrowska, B. (2015, January) Zasadowa
niestrawność. Tygonik Poradnik roliczny,
p. 21.
Course books:
Clare, A.
& Wilson, JJ. (2011) Speakout.
Intermediate Students’ Book with Active Book. Pearson Longman.
Clare, A.
& Wilson, JJ. (2011) Speakout.
Pre-Intermediate Students’ Book with Active Book. Pearson Longman.
Evans, V.,
Dooley, J., Tran, M. T (M.D) (2012) Career
Paths. Medical. Express Publishing.
O’Sullivan, N.
& Libbin, J. D. (2011) Career Paths.
Agriculture. Express Publishing.
Links:
http://www.vetlive.com/
http://www.vet.cam.ac.uk/
http://www.wet.up.wroc.pl/en/
http://www.vet.cornell.edu/
http://www.westpointfarmvets.co.uk/
Paweł
Tutka
On
the translation of video games: challenges and opportunities
John
Paul II Catholic University of Lublin
The XX century showed a rapid development of
new types of media, chiefly the television and film industries. In the second
half of the last century, a new type of media was introduced – video games,
which has grown into a booming industry since then. This new genre of the
entertainment industry started to offer something new – a greater degree of interactivity
on the part of the player (as opposed to television and films). As time
progressed, the level of interactivity became the main driving force behind
video games, resulting in their unprecedented popularity. Ultimately, game
developers started shipping their products abroad, and this required qualified
translators to deliver as best quality of the product as it was possible. With
the games becoming ever more complex, they started to pose certain challenges
for the translators who had to be ready to work with many varieties of text,
depending on the genre of a given video game. However, translators may use the
complexities of video games to their advantage – it provides them with a
plethora of work. Additionally, the number of genres within the video game
industry is constantly increasing, meaning that translators will be able to
find types of text which suits them best. Last but not least, we will consider
what qualities make a good translator of video games.
Rafał
Augustyn
Polysemy
in specialised translation: A cognitive account
Maria
Curie-Skłodowska University
Polysemy does not only refer to lexical items
but also to other aspects of language and cognition. In Cognitive Linguistics
lexical items are held to be representations of cognitive categories stored in
human mind as mental concepts. However, each lexical item may provide access to
a number of different mental concepts. Since meaning is not given but construed
on the basis of the stored mental concepts and individual experience, the
construal of meaning is highly subjective, influenced by language and the
conceptualisers themselves. Further, concepts are not stable but flexible and
can undergo some changes over time, which additionally contributes to the
abundance of polysemy in any natural language.
Polysemy
is particularly problematic for translators, notably in case of specialised
translation. For instance, in case of translation of legal texts, the
conventional meaning of certain lexical items are juxtaposed with their
specialised use, very frequently within the same text. For the translation to
be successful the translator has to, first, properly construe the
(terminologically ambiguous) ST, and then re-conceptualise it in such a manner
that the TT-receiver’s conceptualisation of the TT is as close as possible to
that of the ST.
The
paper attempts at accounting for the intricacies of the mental operations
taking place while the conceptualisation of polysemous lexical items unfolds in
the translator’s mind using Vyvyan Evans’s (2009) Lexical Concepts and Cognitive Models theory combined with the Conceptual Integration Theory proposed
by Gilles Fauconnier and Mark Turner (2002), and Ronald W. Langacker’s (2008) Current Discourse Space.
References
Evans, V.
2009. How Words Mean: Lexical Concepts,
Cognitive Models and Meaning Construction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fauconnier, G.
& M. Turner. 2002. The Way We Think:
Conceptual Blending and the Mind’s Hidden Complexities. New York: Basic
Books.
Langacker, R.
W. 2008. Cognitive Grammar. A Basic Introduction. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Daria
Bębeniec
The
many pitfalls of polysemy: gaps and bridges between the different methodologies
in Cognitive Linguistics
Maria
Curie-Skłodowska University
In its over 30 years of research on polysemy,
Cognitive Linguistics has embraced, quite unsurprisingly, a wide range of
rather diverse methodological positions – from the early introspection-based
approaches (Brugman 1981, Brugman and Lakoff 1988, Dewell 1994, Kreitzer 1997,
Przybylska 2002, Tyler and Evans 2003) to the more recent corpus-driven
perspectives and techniques (Gries 2006, Gries and Divjak 2009, Fabiszak et al.
2014, Glynn 2014a, Perek 2014, Robinson 2014). Perplexing to many, this
diversity may also be seen as a strength, as it shows the complexity of the
phenomenon at hand, and is a result of concerted efforts of a number of
linguists, who, though employing and refining divergent methods, are certainly
united by a set of shared theoretical assumptions and converging research
goals.
In
this presentation, adopting both an insider’s view on the problems inherent in
introspective methods (Bębeniec 2010) and a neophyte’s stance on the
possibilities offered by usage-based analyses (Bębeniec and Cudna In prep.), I
will systematically examine the gaps and also search for the bridges between
the distinct methodological frameworks for studying semantic variation in
Cognitive Linguistics. In the end, I will review some of the recently
articulated gap-bridging ideas (Glynn 2014b), stressing that both kinds of
methodologies in question can be usefully deployed, though to different
extents, to inform a cognitively plausible theory of language.
References
Bębeniec, D.,
2010. Directional prepositions in Polish
and English: towards a cognitive account. PhD dissertation, Maria
Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin.
Bębeniec, D.
and M. Cudna, In prep. “Constructional variation from a semasiological
perspective: a corpus-based approach.”
Brugman, C.,
1981. Story of OVER. MA thesis,
University of California, Berkeley.
Brugman, C.
and G. Lakoff, 1988. “Cognitive Topology and Lexical Networks,” in S. Small, G.
Cottrell and M. Tanenhaus (eds.) Lexical
Ambiguity Resolution: Perspective from Psycholinguistics, Neuropsychology and
Artificial Intelligence, 477-508. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann
Publishers.
Dewell, R. B.,
1994. “Over again: Image-schema transformations in semantic analyses,” Cognitive Linguistics 5 (4): 351-380.
Fabiszak, M., Hebda, A., Kokorniak, I.
and K. Krawczak, 2014. “The
semasiological structure of Polish myśleć ‘to think’: A study in verb-prefix
semantics,” in D. Glynn and J. A. Robinson (eds.) Corpus Methods for Semantics. Quantitative studies in polysemy and
synonymy, 223-251. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Glynn, D.,
2014a. “The many uses of run: Corpus methods and Socio-Cognitive Semantics,” in
D. Glynn and J. A. Robinson (eds.) Corpus
Methods for Semantics. Quantitative studies in polysemy and synonymy,
117-144. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Glynn, D.,
2014b. “Polysemy and synonymy: Cognitive theory and corpus method,” in D. Glynn
and J. A. Robinson (eds.) Corpus Methods
for Semantics. Quantitative studies in polysemy and synonymy, 7-38.
Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Gries, S. Th.,
2006. “Corpus-based methods and cognitive semantics: The many senses of to
run,” in S. Th. Gries and A.
Stefanowitsch (eds.) Corpora in Cognitive
Linguistics: Corpus-based Approaches to Syntax and Lexis, 57-99. Berlin and
New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Gries, S Th.
and D. Divjak, 2009. “Behavioral profiles: a corpus-based approaches towards
cognitive semantic analysis,” in V. Evans and S. Pourcel (eds.) New Directions in Cognitive Linguistics,
57-75. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Kreitzer, A.,
1997. “Multiple levels of schematization: A study in the conceptualization of
space,” Cognitive Linguistics 8 (4):
291-325.
Perek, F.,
2014. “Rethinking constructional polysemy: The case of the English conative
construction,” in D. Glynn and J. A. Robinson (eds.) Corpus Methods for Semantics. Quantitative studies in polysemy and
synonymy, 61-85. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John
Benjamins.
Przybylska, R., 2002. Polisemia przyimków polskich w świetle
gramatyki kognitywnej. Kraków:
Universitas.
Robinson, J.,
2014. “Quantifying polysemy in Cognitive Sociolinguistics,” in D. Glynn and J.
A. Robinson (eds.) Corpus Methods for
Semantics. Quantitative studies in polysemy and synonymy, 87-115. Amsterdam
and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Tyler, A. and
V. Evans, 2003. The Semantics of English
Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition. Cambridge and
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Kinga
Lis
Raison d'être for
intertextual lexical divergences between the Wycliffite Psalters
John
Paul II Catholic University of Lublin
Photos by Anna Prażmowska and Karolina Drabikowska
